How does grief affect mental health?
This Q&A explains the emotional and psychological impact of grief, as well as healthy coping strategies.
Grief is a natural emotional response to loss, whether it is the death of a loved one, the end of a relationship, or another major life change. While grief is universal, the way individuals experience and process it is deeply personal. The grieving process can be overwhelming, often affecting not only emotional health but also physical and cognitive functioning.
In the early stages, grief may manifest as shock, disbelief, or numbness. Over time, emotions such as sadness, anger, guilt, or longing may surface. These feelings can fluctuate unpredictably, leaving individuals feeling unsteady and drained. Grief often disrupts concentration, memory, and decision-making, making daily functioning more challenging.
Physically, grief can cause fatigue, changes in appetite, and disrupted sleep. The stress associated with grief can also weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to illness. When grief becomes prolonged or unresolved, it may lead to a condition known as complicated grief, which can significantly increase the risk of depression, anxiety, and even suicidal thoughts.
Healthy coping strategies are essential for navigating grief. Allowing oneself to feel and express emotions—through crying, talking, or creative outlets—helps process the pain rather than suppress it. Maintaining routines and engaging in self-care practices such as exercise, adequate sleep, and balanced nutrition support emotional resilience during this difficult time.
Social support is also critical. Talking with family, friends, or support groups provides comfort and validation. For those who struggle to cope, therapy can offer a safe environment to explore feelings, learn coping strategies, and find meaning in loss. Approaches such as grief counseling or cognitive-behavioral therapy can be particularly beneficial.
It is important to remember that grief does not follow a linear path. Healing does not mean forgetting the person or thing that was lost, but learning to live with the absence while continuing to move forward. Over time, many people find that grief transforms into cherished memories and a renewed appreciation for life.